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1. What exactly is it for?
To put it simply, there are two functions:
Break down large molecules into small ones
For instance, hair, fibers, grease, and macromolecular organic matter—these substances go directly into the subsequent tank, which bacteria simply cannot "digest.".
The anaerobic bacteria in the hydrolysis and acidification tank first break them down, soften them, and reduce their size.
2. Improve biodegradability
It makes the originally difficult-to-treat wastewater easier for subsequent bacteria to digest, reducing the burden on the following tanks and resulting in more stable and cleaner effluent.
II. Principle
The entire process consists of only two steps:
Hydrolysis: Breaking down large chunks into smaller pieces
The macromolecules and solid organic matter in wastewater, under the action of anaerobic bacteria:
Protein → Amino acids, Starch → Sugar, Oil → Fatty acids
Big pieces turn into small ones, solids dissolve.
2. Acidification: Further "fermenting" small molecules
The broken-down small molecules continue to be fermented by bacteria, transforming into organic acids, alcohols, and the like.
This step will slightly acidify the water, hence the term "acidification.".
